DriSteem Vaporstream Specifikace stáhnout pdf (Strana 38)

P a g e 3 4 • D R I - S T E E M D e s i g n G u i d e

D R I - S T E E M D e s i g n G u i d e • P a g e 3 5

• Dissolved organic material comes from three major sources:

– The breakdown of naturally occurring organic materials (plant

and animal matter)

– Domestic and commercial chemical wastes (agricultural and

urban runoff, or leaching from contaminated soils)

– Chemical reactions that occur during water treatment processes

(from disinfection by-products or pipe joint adhesives)

Activated carbon and microfiltration, and reverse osmosis and

deionization processes remove dissolved organic material.

• Dissolved minerals found in potable water are magnesium,

calcium, iron, and silicon, with calcium and magnesium the

primary elements causing “hard” water. Water hardness is

commonly measured in grains per gallon (gpg). As water

hardness increases, so does the need for humidifier cleaning to

remove scale buildup. Downtime for cleaning, as well as time

required to heat fresh water that replaces frequently skimmed

or drained water (to remove minerals), can significantly affect

humidifier performance and efficiency. Water softening is the

most common method for reducing water hardness.

• Suspended materials, typically clay or silt, give water a cloudy

appearance. These particles should be removed from humidifier

makeup water as they will settle out and collect in humidifier

water reservoirs. These particles typically are removed by

filtration.

Softened water significantly reduces cleaning requirements

Water softening is an ion exchange process where slightly soluble

magnesium and calcium ions are replaced by very soluble sodium

ions. The exchanged sodium ions stay in solution when in water

and do not attach to humidifier tank walls and elements as scale in

the way magnesium and calcium will.

Softening water can dramatically improve humidifier performance,

maintenance requirements, and efficiency. It is not unusual

for systems using softened water to go several seasons without

cleaning. However, water softeners need their brine tanks regularly

replenished with sodium (so that there are sodium ions available

to exchange with the magnesium and calcium ions). For this

reason, owners should regularly inspect their humidifiers using

softened water to verify softener operation. To lessen maintenance

requirements, we recommend softening water for humidifier use

where water hardness is greater than 12 gpg.

Figure 34-1:

How a water softener works

Highly

soluble ions

Sodium

(does not

form scale)

Slightly

soluble ions

Calcium and

magnesium

(minerals that

form scale)

Water

softener

exchanged

here for

Figure 34-2:

How reverse osmosis filtration works

Water

ow

High

contaminant

concentration

Low

contaminant

concentration

Pressure

Semipermeable membrane

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